Отобранное впечатление · Munich
Munich, Германия
Trunks thirty metres long were rafted out of this forest to the Netherlands and driven in as foundation piles — whole districts of Amsterdam stand on timber that grew here.
Woodland whose appearance is the result of an export industry
Timber from these slopes holding up buildings in another country
Open summits that are an agricultural artefact rather than a treeline
The headwaters of a river that crosses a continent
Ridge walking chosen for the outlook rather than the shade
A short outing with a guide who lives here
A three-hour panorama walk in the Black Forest with a local guide, on the ridges and open slopes where the view opens out rather than in the dense plantation below. Short, unhurried, and considerably more interesting than a forest walk sounds, because almost nothing you are looking at is natural.
The trade was called Holländerflösserei — Dutch rafting — and it worked like this. Fir and spruce trunks of exceptional size, up to thirty metres long and still forty centimetres thick at the narrow end, were felled here, lashed into rafts and floated out through the river system: down the Neckar, Main and Moselle into the Rhine, and on to the Netherlands.
There they were used for shipbuilding and, more consequentially, driven into the ground as foundation piles. Whole districts of Amsterdam rest on millions of piles rafted downstream over the centuries. The forest was exported, and a great deal of it is now underground in another country.
What grew back was replanted, largely as spruce, which is why the woodland reads as dark, even-aged and orderly. The name refers to a canopy that was substantially manufactured.
The high ground has open tops, and the reason is not altitude. Clearance for cattle grazing began around a thousand years ago and kept the summits treeless. The highest point in the range reaches just under fifteen hundred metres — the highest in Germany outside the Alps and Bavaria — and its bareness is an agricultural decision that outlived the agriculture.
Two streams rising in these hills, the Breg and the Brigach, join further east to become the Danube. The more distant of the two sources is the true head of a river that runs on for well over two thousand kilometres to the Black Sea. It is a modest spring in a wood, and everything downstream of it is consequence.
Three hours at a walking pace, on marked paths with some ascent and uneven going in places. Weather here is wetter and cooler than the surrounding lowlands and changes quickly, and mist on the ridges can close the panorama entirely — which is worth knowing when choosing a day. Boots or shoes with grip, a waterproof layer and water are the whole kit list.
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Around one hundred and eighty minutes on foot, following waymarked routes that climb gently in places.
Conifer stems selected for their length, sent downriver in bound bundles towards the North Sea coast.
Long enough to span a modern swimming pool, and still substantial in girth at the top end of the stem.
Shipbuilding, and above all foundation piles driven into soft Dutch ground.
Not here. It is under Amsterdam, where whole districts rest on piles rafted downstream over centuries.
Because clearance for cattle grazing began roughly a thousand years ago and kept the tops open.
Just under fifteen hundred metres at its highest, the highest ground in Germany outside the Alps and Bavaria.
A pair of headwater streams from this upland meet downstream and take on a single name from that point onward.